固定板是(shi)用沖壓工藝利用沖床及模具(ju)(ju)將鐵(tie)，鋁(lv)，銅等板材及異(yi)性材使其變形或斷裂，達到具(ju)(ju)有(you)   形狀和尺寸。

沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)工(gong)藝大(da)致可分(fen)(fen)為分(fen)(fen)離工(gong)序(xu)和成(cheng)(cheng)形工(gong)序(xu)（又分(fen)(fen)彎曲、拉(la)深(shen)、成(cheng)(cheng)形）兩大(da)類。分(fen)(fen)離工(gong)序(xu)是在(zai)沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)過程中(zhong)使沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)與坯料沿   的(de)輪(lun)廓(kuo)線相互分(fen)(fen)離，同(tong)時沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)件(jian)分(fen)(fen)離斷面的(de)質量也要(yao)滿足(zu)   的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)；成(cheng)(cheng)形工(gong)序(xu)是使沖(chong)(chong)壓(ya)(ya)坯料在(zai)不(bu)破壞的(de)條件(jian)下發生(sheng)塑性變(bian)形，并(bing)轉(zhuan)化成(cheng)(cheng)所要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)的(de)成(cheng)(cheng)品形狀(zhuang)，同(tong)時也應滿足(zu)尺寸(cun)公差等方面的(de)要(yao)求(qiu)(qiu)。

五金沖(chong)壓有時也稱板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)， 但略有區別。所謂板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)成(cheng)(cheng)型是(shi)指用(yong)板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)、薄壁管、薄型材(cai)(cai)(cai)等作為(wei)原材(cai)(cai)(cai)料進行(xing)。塑(su)性加工的成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)方(fang)法統稱為(wei)板(ban)材(cai)(cai)(cai)成(cheng)(cheng)形(xing)(xing)，此時，厚板(ban)方(fang)向(xiang)的變形(xing)(xing)一般(ban)不(bu)著重(zhong)考(kao)慮。